USD & Forex

USD & Forex

The Anthropology of Bitcoin and the U.S. Dollar

Money is not only an economic instrument; it is a social construct. The U.S. dollar, long the backbone of global finance, embodies state authority, trust, and network effects built over decades of political and institutional stability

USD & Forex

The Dollar Smile in Practice

The “Dollar Smile” is one of the most enduring frameworks in foreign exchange markets, offering traders and economists a lens to understand why the U.S. dollar often strengthens under seemingly opposite conditions

USD & Forex

Twin Deficits & the Dollar

The “twin deficits” theory — linking a country’s budget deficit and current account shortfall to currency weakness — has long been applied to the United States. Yet despite persistent deficits, the U.S. dollar has often defied the narrative, strengthening even as fiscal and trade gaps widened

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